Chapter 7 · Book pages 22–25

🎨 Adjectives and Conjunctions

Colourful describing words, comparing words, and the little glue words that join ideas.

By the end of this lesson, you can…

choose the adjective that fits the meaning of a sentence (tall peak, furry cat)
name the kind of adjective: quality, quantity, number, demonstrative, interrogative, possessive
use the degrees of comparison correctly: big, bigger, biggest (never more bigger)
join ideas with the right conjunction: and, but, or, so, because, although, after
use conjunction pairs: both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also

Start the story →Jump to quiz

Adjectives add colour to my words, and conjunctions glue them together. Let's paint some sentences! 🎨

📖 Story time

The Painting Contest

Bramblewood was holding a painting contest. Each artist had to describe their painting to the judge, Ollie the Owl.

HedgieHere's mine! It is a mountain. There is a cat. The cat sits. The sun shines.

🦉

Ollie the OwlHoo! I can't see your painting from your words, Hedgie. What is the mountain like? What is the cat like?

HedgieOh! It's a tall, snowy mountain, and a furry, orange cat with two green eyes.

🦉

Ollie the OwlSplendid! Words like tall, snowy, furry, two are adjectives: describing words. They tell us more about a noun: what kind, how many, how much or which one.

🦊

Fizz the FoxPfft! MY painting is more bigger than yours. It's the most biggest in the whole forest!

🐢

Tara TortoiseCareful, Fizz. Comparing two things: bigger. Comparing three or more: biggest. Never put more or most in front of an -er or -est word.

HedgieNow I'll finish my description: "The cat sits. The sun shines. The cat is warm." Hmm, it sounds choppy, like a hiccup.

🦉

Ollie the OwlUse conjunctions, the glue words! "The cat sits and the sun shines. The cat is warm because the sun is out."

🐰

Bela BunnyAnd you can glue with pairs too! The painting is both bright and cheerful.

Hedgie won the prize for the most colourful description, and Fizz promised never to say more bigger again.

💡 Big ideas

Let's learn it

Read each card, try the example sentences out loud (tap 🔊), then answer the Quick check.

🖌️Adjectives: describing words

An adjective is a describing word. It tells us more about a noun (or pronoun): its size, colour, shape, feel, taste or mood.

To pick the right adjective, read the whole sentence and look for clues. A peak visible from miles away must be tall. Fur that feels soft is furry, not rough.

Clue in the sentence	Best adjective
seen from miles away	tall / high
fur that feels soft	furry / fluffy
a meal you enjoyed	delicious
a puzzle hard to solve	challenging
meeting your favourite singer	excited
looked calm, but inside…	nervous

The tall mountain peak was visible from far away. tall tells us what the peak is like
Meera was excited to meet her favourite author. an adjective can come after is / was too
She looked calm, but she was very nervous. but means the opposite of calm

Hedgie's trickFind the clue words first, then try each option in the blank. Ask: “Does this make sense AND match the clue?”

Olympiad trap!Words like but and although flip the meaning. She looked calm, but… needs the opposite of calm: nervous, not tiresome.

🧐 Quick check

They served us a ______ meal, so we asked for more.

🧺Kinds of adjectives

Adjectives answer different questions about a noun:

Kind	Question	Examples
Quality	What kind?	colourful, brave, tall, soft
Quantity	How much?	a lot of, some, much, little, enough
Number	How many? Which place?	twelve, few, many, first, second
Demonstrative	Which one? (pointing)	this, that, these, those + noun
Interrogative	Asks a question	which, what, whose + noun
Possessive	Whose?	my, your, his, her, our, their

The painting is very colourful. quality: what kind of painting?
Garima has eaten a lot of food. quantity: food is uncountable → how much
There are twelve members in the club. number: how many members
These flowers bloom in spring. demonstrative: points to the flowers
Which house belongs to you? interrogative: asks a question

Hedgie's trickQuantity goes with things you can't count (food, milk, sugar, water). Number goes with things you can count (members, apples, pencils).

Olympiad trap!This, these, which are adjectives only when a noun follows: These flowers (adjective). Alone, These are mine, they are pronouns.

🧐 Quick check

What kind of adjective is underlined? Please add some sugar to my tea.

📏Degrees of comparison

Adjectives change their form when we compare.

Positive: no comparing: Their house is big.
Comparative: comparing two (-er or more) + than: Their house is bigger than ours.
Superlative: comparing three or more (-est or most), usually with the: Their house is the biggest of all.

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
big	bigger	biggest
weak	weaker	weakest
hot	hotter	hottest
new	newer	newest
beautiful	more beautiful	most beautiful
good	better	best

Their house is the biggest of all. the … of all → superlative
The weather became hotter. not so hotter: say so hot or hotter
Suman is starting a new job. no comparing → positive, not newest

Hedgie's trickClue words: than → comparative (-er). the … of all / in the class → superlative (-est).

Olympiad trap!Never double up! more bigger ✗, most biggest ✗, so hotter ✗. Use one: bigger, biggest, so hot.

🧐 Quick check

Kabir is the ______ runner in our class.

🕵️Error spotting: adjective or not?

Olympiad error questions often hide a wrong word form next to a noun.

Before a noun, use an adjective, not an adverb: the happy children (not happily).
Before a noun, use a possessive adjective: my umbrella (not mine umbrella). Mine stands alone: The umbrella is mine.
Adverbs (often -ly) describe verbs: smell extremely well ✓.

Wrong	Right
mine umbrella	my umbrella
the happily children	the happy children
a newest job	a new job
became so hotter	became so hot / hotter

This is my umbrella, not yours. my + noun · yours stands alone
The happy children are playing. happy describes the noun children
Dogs can smell extremely well. well describes the verb smell, so it's correct

Hedgie's trickRead each part slowly. If a word sounds like it belongs to a different job (an -ly word stuck before a noun), that's your error!

Olympiad trap!Don't rush to mark an error. Some sentences are perfectly fine, so No error can be the right answer.

🧐 Quick check

Which part has an error? (A) The quietly mouse / (B) ran under / (C) the table. / (D) No error

🔗Conjunctions: glue words

A conjunction joins words or sentences. Choose it by the link between the ideas:

Conjunction	Use it for…	Example
and	adding a similar idea	held his hand and helped him
but	an opposite / surprise	wanted to go but had no ride
or	a choice or warning	sit quietly or leave
so	a result	no cabs, so we walked
because / since	a reason	because all have arrived
although	'even though'	Although he studied, he felt unready
after / before	time order	clapped after she gave chocolates

There are no buses today, so we will walk. so = result
He called me because he needed help. because = reason (but would be wrong)
Although it rained, we played outside. although = even though

Hedgie's trickAsk: reason? → because · result? → so · opposite? → but · choice? → or · more of the same? → and.

Olympiad trap!Although and but don't go together in one sentence. Say Although it rained, we played, NOT Although it rained, but we played.

🧐 Quick check

Ravi worked hard, ______ he passed with top marks.

👯Conjunction pairs

Some conjunctions come in pairs. Each half has a fixed partner, so learn them together!

Pair	Meaning	Example
both … and	the two together	both clever and kind
either … or	one of the two	either pastries or chocolates
neither … nor	not this, not that	neither tea nor coffee
not only … but also	this, and that too!	not only the phone but also the laptop
whether … or	which of two	whether a burger or a sandwich

Rama is both intelligent and hardworking. two good qualities together
The thief stole not only the phone but also the laptop. a big 'and also!'
Dev likes neither spinach nor peas. two 'no's

Hedgie's trickMatching letters: Neither goes with Nor. Either goes with or. Both holds hands with and.

Olympiad trap!Mixing partners is a favourite trap: either … nor ✗, neither … or ✗, whether … nor ✗.

🧐 Quick check

You can have ______ juice ______ milk, but not both.

🗺️ Mind map

The whole chapter on one page

Tap a branch to focus on it. Can you explain each bubble to someone at home?

🃏 Flashcards

Flip & remember

Say the answer in your head before you flip. Be honest — "not yet" cards go to your Review Burrow for later.

📘 Book mission

Now practise in your workbook

Use a pencil. Do each set, then check with the answer key and tick it off here.

Set A · Book p.22 · Q1–5

Choose the correct adjective. Hunt for the clue words in the sentence first.

Set B · Book p.22–23 · Q6–10

Type of the underlined adjective. Ask: what kind, how much, how many, which one, or a question?

Set C · Book p.23 · Q11–15

Error spotting with adjectives. Check every word before a noun, and watch for doubled comparisons.

Set D · Book p.23–24 · Q16–25

Choose the conjunction. Decide the link: reason, result, opposite, choice or time?

Set E · Book p.24 · Q26–30

Error spotting with conjunctions. Read the two ideas: do they agree, clash, or is one the cause?

Achievers (HOTS) · Book p.24–25 · Q31–35

Mixed adjectives, comparisons and conjunction pairs. Take your time; each is worth 2 marks!

📗 Open the answer key

🎁 Wrap-up

Remember these

An adjective describes a noun. Use clues in the sentence to choose the one that fits.
Kinds: quality (colourful), quantity (a lot of), number (twelve), demonstrative (these), interrogative (which), possessive (my).
Compare two → -er / more + than; three or more → the -est / most. Never double up (more bigger ✗).
A conjunction joins ideas: and (add), but (opposite), or (choice), so (result), because (reason), although (even though).
Pairs stick together: both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also.

🦔 Teach Hedgie!

Fizz says: “My tail is more longer than yours, and I'm either smart nor fast.” Explain to Hedgie the two mistakes Fizz made and how to fix them.

Explaining something in your own words is the best way to make it stick.

How do you feel about this chapter?

Take the quiz 🧭

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